Later nuclear testing would demonstrate the inadequate ability to withstand an atomic bomb detonation or to effectively prevent radiation exposure. Department of Defense developed the National Fallout Shelter Program in an attempt to improve the dilemma of national security in the event of a nuclear attack. The distribution of these signs was an important component of the National Fallout Shelter Program. (Civil Defense Museum) They can be found inside public fallout shelter facilities. During 1962, the Department of Defense produced one million of these FS2 signs. It is a ten by fourteen-inch sign composed of galvanized steel ( Figure 2). This FS2 fallout shelter sign is an object that reveals much about the Anthropocene. Growing scientific awareness of global environmental change, the Anthropocene itself, were direct consequences of these historical changes. This fear was a significant influence on the development of modern American environmentalism and the rising public influence of ecological sciences. New invisible pollutants that were capable of not only impacting their health, but of irreversibly damaging the biosphere assumed center stage. As a result of these tests, fear shifted from the apocalypse to more insidious threats. Scientists continued to test nuclear weapons after 1945, to observe the consequences of nuclear detonations as well as the longer lasting effects of nuclear fallout. Fear of nuclear devastation and resulting radioactive fallout produced a culture of apocalyptic fear during the Cold War, and although nuclear annihilation no longer holds saw over our collective consciousness, nuclear power continues to be a factor in our globalized 21st century. Few historical transitions have such a clear beginning, and the consequences of that moment reverberate today ( Figure 1). The American bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki Japan on August 1945 inaugurated the nuclear age.
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